In the subject of jade carving, "Fu, Lu, and Shou" is one of the most extensive, most popular and most popular subjects, and one of the most characteristic subjects in aesthetic culture. Today, many Hetian jade carving works also like to use these patterns, meaning auspicious and beautiful.
1. "Five Fortunes":
Popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The so-called "five blessings" refers to the five kinds of good fortune. In the language of "Shang Shu. Hong Fan": "Five Fortunes: One Shou Shou, Two Sui Fu, Sancha Kangning, Four Deafs, and Five Deeds." Han Yu Tan's "New Theory" has a new solution: Five Fortunes: Shou, Fu, Gui, Anle, and many descendants.†Usually five “bats†are used to form a circular or square pattern around a “shou†character. According to the "bat" and "Fu" homophonic, it is combined with the word "shou", which contains the meaning of "rich" and "longevity".
2. "Tianguan blessing":
Also known as "Tianfu". The 15th day of the first month of the old calendar is the Shangyuan Festival. The folklore is the decline of the heavenly officials and the blessing of the world. It is used as a folk decorative pattern. It is usually composed of priests and bats flying in wings. Borrow "bat" to "fu". There are also Tianguan holding the word axis as the ornament, and the letter "Tianguan blessing" is written. It is widely used in the painting of folk artifacts and the theme of New Year pictures.
3. "Epoch Times Five Fortunes":
The old calendar begins with the winter solstice, the beginning of January and the beginning of the night. Pingyi and the winter solstice are called "epochs" on the day of the night. Borrowing the New Year. Usually composed of "Litchi", "Guiyuan" or "Copper" and five "bats"; borrowing "Lizhi" to "review", borrowing "Guiyuan" or "copper money" and five "bats" meaning "yuan" And "five blessings". The "Five Fortunes" also include "Shou Tao" for "Shou", "Peony" for "Fu", "Osmanthus" for "Expensive", "鹌鹑" or "Deer" for "An" or "Le" and " The pomegranate is composed of "multiple sons". The specific meaning of "Five Fortunes" is from the book "New Theory" by Han Yu Tan.
4, "Fushou Ruyi":
A lot of "bats", "Buddha", "Peach" and "Ruyi" constitute auspicious patterns. There are also those who use the word "shou" to replace "Peach" and "Ganoderma" to represent "Ruyi". "Bat" and "Buddha" are all homophonic with "Fu"; "Peach" is also known as "Shou Tao", which symbolizes longevity and is a pattern, meaning "good fortune". It was more popular in the Ming and Qing Dy
5, "Fluer connected":
"Deer" is regarded as the ancient beast. It has been a deer for thousands of years, and a white deer for five hundred years. It has been turned into a mysterious deer for five hundred years. "Deer" and "Lu" are in harmony, so they include "Guanlu", "Shulu" and "Luo". "Lu" is what ancient bureaucrats gave. The "deer" and the "bat" form a pattern, forming a circular pattern connected end to end, that is, "Fluer connected." Others are also integrated with "Shou Tao", and the Jin Yuan is especially popular.
In 1974, on the jade porch card unearthed from the Ori Mijin tomb in the lower reaches of the Songhua River, a pair of red deer were carved, and the male deer had a long-angled arched back and stood proudly; the female deer gaze back and was gentle and docile. It has a distinctive nomadic character. This shows that the ornaments of ethnic minorities also had the beginning of auspicious patterns during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. This has been proved by many unearthed artifacts.
6, "Heshou Yannian":
The folk as a crane is a long-lived poultry, so there is a saying of "heshou". "Huainanzi. Say Lin Xun": "Heshou Chitose, with extreme travel." The third floor of the 3rd party of the Guanzhou Cizhou Kiln was unearthed, and the white glazed white black oval pillow was numbered 110. "Heshou Yannian." There is a poem: "The peach blossoms are not in the spring, and the cranes are not in the millennium." Therefore, the pattern is auspicious with the "Xianhe" and "Shoutao" or "Peach Blossom", which means longevity. It was very popular during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
7, "Songhe age":
Also known as "Songhe Tongchun", "Songhe Changchun", "Heshou Songling", Hetian jade picture frame is composed of Qingsong and Xianhe. The pine trees are not old, and they are always strong and prolonged; the cranes are the ones of the Chitose, and they often dance to the age of the ages. "Song" and "Crane" are the objects of the longevity and the eternal life, which are combined into one, meaning auspicious longevity, and it is logical. Popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
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